서준교 Seo Joon-kyo

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 1-28, 2018

In recent years, it has been a prevailing factor in the economic, industrial and social aspects that is the digital transformation or the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). On the one hand, potential future key technologies are anticipated the change of human living environment and on the other hand, job losses and a further de-industrialization and socioeconomic changes are concerned. The current debate on the 4IR is a reflection of employees regarding ergonomics, integration and collaboration with technologies. This technological change will cause changes in work demands and more importantly, the substitution of new technologies, such as automations, for human resources. In order to take account of transforming socioeconomic changes led by the 4IR, the introduction of basic income is proposed as an alternative solution to such the changes. However, as its main characteristics of nondiscriminatory and unconditional provision of incomes for all, the basic income has been brought deeply divided arguments, particularly in the ethical value and economic rationality. The study focuses on the reargument over the ethical value and economic rationality of the basic income in the socioeconomic changes led by the 4IR.

제4차 산업혁명, 무인자동화, 기본소득, 경제적 합리성, 윤리적 가치, the 4th Industrial Revolution, automation, basic income, economic rationality, ethical value

박철순 Park Cheol Soon

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 29-63, 2018

Based on new institutionalism, this research examines the historical development process and characteristic of organizational changes in the Korean central government, and then analyzes policy ideas on organizational changes chronologically. Korea’s frequent governmental reorganization is largely related to historical incidents. Each government had a strong tendency to promote governmental reorganization in order to overcome confronting crisis and differentiate themselves in policy will from other former governments. Each method of governmental reorganization eventually followed a certain pattern as time went by and these patterns continued by forming only a ceratin path of action. After having analyzed the governmental reorganization and the policy ideas effected in it through new institutionalism, the following implications on policy and theory could be deduced. First, the policy idea that impacted the governmental reorganization was initially focused only on economic growth, but as time progressed, it became more complex and moved to a more diverse direction. Second, policy ideas were in a way, used to resolve important issues of each government or to pursue a better future and reflected the key policy and value that each government followed after. Third, when developing or adopting a new policy idea, it is vital to consider whether it is suitable for the realities in Korea. Fourth, it is very important to form a suitable government organization that can fulfill the adopted new policy ideas. Fifth, even if a government organization which can realize new policy idea is chosen, it is more important that feasible functions and organization structure are carefully designed for this idea to be properly formed into a policy.

정부조직변동, 정책아이디어, 정부조직개편, 신제도주의, organizational change of the government, policy idea, governmental reorganization, new institutionalism

김정인 Kim Jungin

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 65-93, 2018

This research examined the deliberative process regarding Japan energy policy after East Japan Great Earthquake and Fukushima nuclear disaster. In particular, it reviewed the necessity and success preconditions of deliberative process based on the theoretical perspective about deliberative process and deliberative democracy suggested by Fishikin(2009). As a result, we found that the participants in the deliberative process were representatively selected among the people; they were provided with sufficient information and equal discussion condition in the deliberative process; and their policy attitudes were changed through learning process. The deliberative process case in Japan indicated that even though deliberative process was necessary for solving policy problem with high attention from people and controversy, successive strategies for deliberative process were required for having the active support from people and government, the participants' representatives, and their sufficient deliberation. The Japan case results give us implications for desirable deliberative process in Korea.

공론화, 숙의민주주의, 일본 에너지·환경정책, Deliberative Democracy, Deliberative Process, Japan Energy Policy

최창용 Choi Changyong

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 95-122, 2018

As Korea is faced with three layers of problems of low growth and low fertility rates as well as aging population, proper analyses and policy measures on these matters must be sought out. Aging society in particular is at risk of having increased social problems and financial pressure as a result of declining working population, old age poverty, and expansion in number of pensioners, requiring a policy approach that improves integration and connectedness across wide range of policies, including population, health and medical services, welfare, labor and industry. Although, over the last 10 years, Korean government established the Presidential Committee on Aging Society and Population Policy to implement various policies in response to low fertility rate and aging population of Korean society, it was clear that there were a number of limitations in achieving expected results given the policy resources invested. To improve effectiveness of old age policies, following can be suggested as priority challenges to be solved based on thorough review of current policy governance system centered around the Presidential Committee on Aging Society and Population Policy and the Ministry of Health and Welfare: 1) establishment of a planning group or a ministry dedicated to policy coordination that can adjust old age related policies at the macro-level, 2) discovery and support of old age friendly future industries to overcome threats arising from aging population and to maximize possible opportunities, 3) reorganization of service delivery systems and training of professionals in anticipation of increased demand for welfare, 4) guaranteeing old age income through improvement in labor market flexibility and reform of the pension structure, 5) creation of institutional foundations for policy implementation and financial sharing between government and private sector as well as between central and local governments.

고령화, 정책거버넌스, 저출산·고령사회위원회, 저출산·고령사회기본계획, 정책효과성, Aging Society, Policy Governance, Presidential Committee on Aging Society and Population Policy, Plan for Ageing Society and Population, Policy Effectiveness

신현두 Shin Hyun-doo

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 123-151, 2018

This study analyzed the process in which the gambling game industry has been regulated at a high intensity, strictly separated from the game industry as it was classified as a target of the government’s support as it was included in the game industry and since the late 1990s based on the social construction theory presented by Schneider & Ingram (1993). Especially, to supplement the weakness of the social construction theory, the lack of concrete explanation about the cause and process of changes in the type of the target group, a “focusing event” was combined as the main variable and utilized as the frame of an analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was found that, as the social context formed previously collapsed and accordingly, the type of the target group of the policy changed, the policy maker comes to execute changes in the policy according to the changed type of the target group. In other words, the government recognized the target group, the game industry as a beneficiary group, who was previously recognized as a breakaway group, according to changes in the social context and conducted a support policy for the game industry, accordingly. However, since gambling games were separated from the game industry due to the focusing event, “The Sea Story Case” and at the same time, the group was formed as a breakaway group, it came to be subject to intensive regulations.

정책대상집단, 사회적 형성이론, 초점사건, 사행성게임, 게임정책, Policy target populations, Social construction theory, Focusing event, Gambling game, Game policy

김이수 Kim Lee Soo

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 153-181, 2018

This study analyzed the impact of public value on local government trust and analyzed the effect of information asymmetry on the relationship between public values and trust of local government. As a result of analysis, the level of trust and public value of local governments in Korea is considerably low. Among the public values, equality of opportunity, local government and private communication, public service satisfaction, transparency, local affiliation, and community interest orientation have a positive influence on local government trust. However, distributional orientation and information asymmetry have negative effects on local government trust. This shows that public values are very important factors in raising the trust of local governments. As a result, it is necessary to promote transparency of the recruitment procedures and processes of public institutions, periodical disclosure of local government financial information, promotion of substantial participation of residents through various policy proposals closely related to the residents, Establishment of self-government support platform, local community activation policies, local government's facilitative and cooperative leadership.

사회적 가치, 공공가치, 지방정부 신뢰, 정보비대칭성, Social Values, Public values, Local Government Trust, Information Asymmetry

김복태 Kim Bok-tae , 이계만 Lee Kye-man , 박범준 Park Beom-jun

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 183-209, 2018

Social economy has been gaining greater importance recently, centering around Europe, as a solution to social crises. In particular, there are new perceptions and assessments on cooperatives. Number of cooperatives is increasing in Korea as a response to poverty, unemployment and other social problems, but there are also difficulties running these organizations due to shortage of funds and inadequate revenue model. Applying seven cooperative principles, a research on the sustainability of cooperatives is being carried out. In line with these studies, this research aimed to analyze how the performance of cooperatives was affected by the diversity of their networks, focusing on the ‘cooperation among cooperatives’ principle. It was found that first, the more diverse the network, the more democratic the organization, and the higher the economic participation, the performance of cooperatives in raising funds was more likely to be higher. Secondly, the more diverse the network and the more democratic the organization, the more likely that cooperatives will enter into market and enhance their performance. In short, this research revealed that the diversity of networks of cooperatives had a significant impact on their performance. This implies that in order to expand the networks of cooperatives, government should provide policy support while cooperatives continue to make efforts to communicate on a broader scale both with those inside and outside of organizations. In addition, apart from simple networks among cooperatives, it seems important to raise certain cooperatives that could take on a central role as a network hub.

협동조합, 네트워크 다양성, 조직의 경제적성과, cooperative, network diversity, organizational economic performance

김창수 Kim Chang Soo

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 211-235, 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze water governance of the Netherlands from the viewpoint of multi-level governance framework of OECD. The findings of seven gap analysis are as follows. Firstly, Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management and National Water Authority were accountable for the national level water management and water industry promotion. Secondly, Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Water Management as well as National Water Authority, Regional Water Authorities and local governments are sharing goals and cooperating interdependently with one another. Thirdly, the integration of water-related agencies has begun since flood catastrophe in 1953 for supplying water, treating wastewater, and defending flooding to abridge administrative gap. Fourthly, fair tax system and economic incentive mechanism are designed for overcoming the divide among regions to abridge capacity gap. Fifthly, Dutch government has succeeded in establishing Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, and has also tried to integrate water agencies and public water corporations into optimal size to abridge information gap for 50 years. Sixthly, the decentralized democracy of financial independence and reliability, tax system based on Interest, Pay and Say Principle, and almost 100% cost recovery were the foundation of Dutch water governance. Lastly, Dutch government has succeeded in legislating National Water Act 2009 integrating 8 individual water laws. In conclusion I suggest that structural integration of water-related central departments, regional level authorities, and local governments should be proceeded in the long run and in the heart of people. I also suggest that in case structural integration is not easy, horizontal cooperation and multi-level cooperation based on regional governance among water-related actors be needed for successful water governance in Korea.

다층적 물거버넌스, 네덜란드, 격차분석, multi-level water governance, the Netherlands, gap analysis

주상현 Sang-hyeon Ju , 최영출 Young-chool Choi , 이상엽 Sang-yup Lee

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 237-256, 2018

Until now, the financial support for the higher education of the government has been supported mainly for the purpose of the project, so that the problems of overlapping investment and inefficiency of investment have been continuously raised. As many financial support projects are completed in 2018, it is necessary to review the overall structure of the university's financial business to formulate a restructuring plan for the direction and support methods of the university financial support project. Although the detailed projects of the university financial support project have been promoted with their own purpose, personality, and support contents, in universities, due to mainly developing curriculum for students and developing industry-university cooperation programs, it was recognized that the related projects are duplicated and similar in the university field. There is also a phenomenon in which universities that have competitiveness are attracting support funds. The reorganization of the curriculum at the university level and the different application of the curriculum reforms required by the project team have caused conflicts in the curriculum operation of the project teams and the university headquarters. As a result, the government will simplify the financial support program for universities by reducing the number of special-purpose programs and special-purpose projects will be simplified by focusing on the three basic functions of university education including research, industry-academia cooperation, and education. On the other hand, we should prepare the fourth industrial revolution thoroughly before entering the aging society in the next 10 years. Korea needs to prepare for the cliff phenomenon and to implement a paradigm shift from catch up to post catch up after the fourth industrial revolution leaders such as USA, Germany, and Japan. We must be prepared for when ‘The world is changing fast, wide and strong, everything is connected, and for a more intelligent society’. In this study, the role of the 4th Industrial Revolution and the University was analyzed through a network analysis of related newspaper articles, columns, and articles in the major national daily newspapers, and the policy implications were presented.

the Fourth Industrial Revolution, University Financial Support Projects, Social Network Analysis, University Development, Start-up, 4차 산업혁명, 대학재정지원사업, 소셜 빅 데이터 분석, 대학발전, 창업

이하영 Lee Hayoung , 엄석진 Eom Seok-jin

DOI: Vol.25(No.1) 257-296, 2018

This study estimates the structural equation model from 'Information system quality→ Knowledge management→Organizational performance' based on technology enactment framework that emphasizes interactions between technology and organization(centrality, innovation culture). The results showed that the information system has a positive effect on organizational performance through the mediation of knowledge management, and the positive influence of information system on knowledge management is more significant in organizations with high innovation culture. The moderating effect of the innovation culture is significant but moderation effect of the centrality is not significant. This result shows the importance of the innovation culture as a catalyst of the knowledge government. Although knowledge management has been strongly promoted with a technologically high level of information system, the fact that the knowledge management performance of the public sector in Korea has not appeared as expected is because the importance of the cultural catalyst has been overlooked. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the structural and cultural effort in order to activate the knowledge management of the public sector.

정보시스템, 지식관리, 조직성과, 집권성, 혁신문화, information system, knowledge management, organizational performance, innovative culture